The name derives from the Greek chroma for "colour", from the many coloured compounds of chromium. It was discovered in 1797 by the French chemist and pharmacist Nicolas-Louis Vauquelin, who also isolated chromium in 1798.

• Chemical forms

  Chromium can exist as a solid, liquid, or gas, and in several chemical forms, including chromium(0), chromium(III), and chromium(VI). 

   
• Uses

  Chromium is used in many industries, including steelmaking, metal plating, leather tanning, paints, dyes, and wood preservatives. Chromium(0) is used to make steel stainless, and is also used to coat other metals to make them resistant to rust. 

   
• Biological role

  Chromium is an essential trace element for humans, helping the body metabolize glucose. However, too much chromium can be poisonous. 

   
• Food sources

  Chromium is found in many foods, including vegetables, meats, fruits, grains, yeast, mushrooms, prunes, asparagus, nuts, and whole grains. 

   
• Color

  Chromium gives rubies their red color, and glass treated with chromium has an emerald green color. 

   
• Environmental presence

  Chromium is found in soils, plants, rocks, water, and animals. It is also discharged by industrial facilities such as coal-burning power plants. 

   
• Toxicity

  Chromium(VI), also known as hexavalent chromium, is a toxic compound that can cause cancer.