It is quite different. Plus it also varies from region to region.
When I went to school grades 1-6 were called elementary school. Grades 7-9 were Junior High School. And grades 10-12 were high school. After that you could attend a community college and get a two year degree, or a full-fledged uni for a bachelors, masters or doctorate.
Nowadays portions of elementary, junior and high school are called middle school. So you go from elementary to middle to high school.
In other parts of the country, and even parts of my state, it's completely different. In my state everyone has to take a test at the end of high school before they can graduate and get a diploma that lets them move on to a community college or uni. So basically the entire last year of school is spent teaching you how to pass this silly test. Even worse, schools with a high number of students who don't pass the test get less funding the following year. Shouldn't they be getting more?
I'm glad I got out of that environment a long time ago and earned both my college/university (they're pretty much used interchangeably here) degrees. One in journalism and another in computer sciences (MIS).