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Bill W

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"Strength" originates from the Old English strengbu or strengd, meaning bodily power, vigor, or force.  It stems from the Proto-Germanic strangtho, derived from strangaz (strong, tight) and is related to Old High German strengida and German Strenge (severity/rigidity).  It is ultimately rooted in the Proto-Indo-European strenk-, meaning "tight, narrow" or "stiff" and shares a root with "string" and "strong", denoting inherent power, endurance, and tension.  It shifted from Old English usage to Middle English strengthe, and it originally meant bodily power, force, or moral firmness.  The word was historically used not only for physical power but also for the intensity of smells or the severity of events.  The abstract suffix "-th" connects it to words like length/long

According to the Oxford English Dictionary (OED), the noun "strength" has been used in English since the Old English period (pre-1150) and can be found in texts from as early as the 8th century (as strengbu).  The verb form "strength" (meaning to make strong) appears later, with the earliest evidence around 1200 in the West Saxon Gospels: Luke.  An obsolete form, with evidence dating to before 1175, appears in the Cotton Homilies.  The verb form strengthen, now the standard verb, is first recorded in the OED in 1450.   An obsolete verb formed with a prefix, enstrength, was recorded in 1483. 

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