James wrote-

It will be revealed the the Fukashima nuclear accident is actually much worse than everyone thinks.

I think that is already happening.  I read a scary story only yesterday talking about the lackadaisical response of the Japanese government and the power industry to an ongoing disaster where they seem to be moving some of the contaminated material around rather than actually coming up with ways to dispose of it somewhat safely and sanely.  

As far as your other predictions, I expect they will prove to be somewhat accurate.  

The potential for biological attacks by terrorists has never been greater and most countries are woefully under prepared and that includes the US.  

Geothermal power will be in the mix, but solar, wind and ocean waves will too.

I disagree somewhat about immigration.  I think security agencies of the US will look harder at who is applying to immigrate, but I think the demographics will favor a change to allow more immigration.  The trust but verify concept will probably be implemented so there will be more detailed background checks.  

Well, first...

@Graeme: "As for politics ... the last decade?"

Looking back at old political arguments (right back into the 1800s)... no, it isn't worse. I'd say if there has been any difference, then it is that the last couple of decades have been unusually calm in terms of political stuff. (This is from a UK perspective, I know but.... here at least it has been said there is not a single period of modern UK history that couldn't be represented with images of police horses wading into a rioting crowd.)

I will also say I really, really miss the soapbox and think this current total ban on "political issues" is utterly misguided, especially since this is a political site.

And now for the main point of my post...

Predictions for Scotland:

Bad shit goin' down. If the Independence vote fails, the nationalists will insist that no true scots would ever have voted against it, and start throwing around conspiracy theories about english vote-rigging. Considering how ridiculously fanatical a lot of them are, I see that turning very violent, very quickly.

If Independence succeeds... well, for a start Im not sure how the country will manage economically. Most of the SNP's outlines of an Independent Scotland seem to be based on expectations which have been repeatedly and publically shown to be impossible. Scotland will not be an EU member, will not keep Pound Sterling, will not have the bloody BBC...

Also, I suspect all the crazy nationalist racists will come crawling out of the woodwork, because Scotland is scary in its level of flag-waving, blue-faced William Wallace-y bollocks. (to quote Markus Brigstocke).

-A supernova will occur close enough in our galaxy close enough that astronomers can observe it with modern sensors

A supernova anywhere in the milky way would be visible, wouldn't it? And besides, they happen a few times every century in the milky way alone, so I think this one in particular is likely

 -NASA will discover fossils in a manned mission to an asteroid.

Is that speculation, or do you know of any planned missions to asteroids? That'd be really cool lol. Still, this is one that I don't agree with. It seems more likely that the fossils would be on Europa, or even primitive life, like your other prediction. That would be amazing XD

 CERN will announce a modification of the Standard Model theory of Particle Physics based on recent experiments and the confirmation of the Higgs Boson. Expect it to be a melding of the current Standard model with some aspects of String Theory.

Ooh, this one would be the best XD Particle theory FTW (it's obviously incomplete, but it seems like a better explanation to me )