The term used in the British police is "Member of the Public". Sometimes we would use "civilian", simple because it is easier to use/say.
That is a statement I completely disagree with, sorry, especially for US officers (see below).
That I completely agree with! Unfortunately, that is a function of how society is/behaves. Generally, the police is equipped to deal with what it faces in society.
British police have, apart from a baton, never been armed. Then, pepper spray was introduced as a less "damaging" alternative. And believe me, you rather want to be hurt by pepper spray than a baton, yet it is qualified as a firearm under British law. Hence we had to lock it away which someone commented on earlier.
When I started, having an incident involving a knife was very rare, when I quit 10 years later, we had one at least once a week. Facing someone with a knife is actually quite a thing ... if they know how to use it they are a real threat to any officer facing them and others, especially as you do not know why they use it i.e. their intention. You have to assume they want to take you out aka kill you. Literally! So, we got Taser officers. At least two per shift.
It might sound like populism, but yes, I have witnessed an increase in violence and general resistance to the police over the course of my ten years.
In the US where every idiot, sorry, Member of the Public, can draw an assault rifle on you, tactics, responses and equipment must be sufficient to enable a mostly single-crewed officer to deal with the situation. For me, it does look extremely intimidating, and I do not wish that for where I life. But that is not a police issue, but a societal one.