gender & sexuality Sexual and Gender Identities: A glossary
Our community is so much bigger and more diverse than many of us believe. With a lot of new-ish terms and labels out there detailing identities some may not be aware of, I figured a brief list of definitions might be helpful for someone somewhere.
I shall begin with the four letters everyone knows. If you're here, you already know what these mean, but I'm including them anyway.
L: lesbian - a woman who is exclusively attracted to other women
G: gay - a person who is exclusively attracted to people of the same gender or sex; often used to refer specifically to gay men
B: bisexual/bi - a person who is attracted to people of two or more genders (we'll get to the 'or more' later)
T: trans/transgender - people whose gender does not match the sex they were assigned at birth
Now for the 'new' letters you often see added on at the end of the acronym these days (LGBTQIA), whose definitions you may be unfamiliar with or a bit fuzzy on.
Q: queer - used as an umbrella term for everyone who belongs to a sexual or gender minority (*)
also: questioning - people questioning their sexuality and/or gender identity in one way or another
I: intersex - people who are born with ambiguous sex characteristics or sex characteristics that don't match their chromosomes. This includes ambiguous genitalia, sex chromosomes other than XX or XY (such as XXY, XYY, or simply X), and androgen insensitivity syndrome, to mention a few. Some people with PCOS (polycystic ovarian syndrome) also consider themselves to be intersex. Many intersex people also identify as transgender.
A: asexual - a person who does not experience sexual attraction toward anyone at all; sometimes also called ace
also: aromantic - a person who does not experience romantic attraction toward anyone at all; sometimes also called aro
Some asexual people are also aromantic, but far from all. An asexual person can also be gay, for instance, if they experience romantic attraction towards people of the same gender or sex, even if they have no sexual attraction. The words homoromantic, heteroromantic, biromantic, and panromantic are often used to describe the romantic preferences of asexual people.
Now for terms that aren't in the acronym, starting with those related to sexuality:
pansexual - a person who is pansexual is attracted to people regardless of gender. This differs from bisexuality in that, as previously stated, bisexuality is attraction to two or more genders, while for a pansexual person, gender is completely irrelevant to sexual attraction.
omnisexual - a person who is attracted to practically everybody
demisexual - a person who experiences sexual attraction only to people they have a strong emotional connection with
grey asexual - a person who normally does not experience sexual attraction but who may very rarely do so under certain circumstances
Gender identities (these words generally exist under the trans umbrella):
non-binary - someone who is non-binary has a gender identity that does not adhere to the binary male/female model of gender; colloquially also called enby, derived from NB
genderfluid - someone whose gender identity shifts on a spectrum between the masculine and the feminine
agender - someone who does not identify with any gender
bi-gender - someone who identifies as both male and female
genderqueer - someone whose gender identity does not adhere to ideas of traditional gender; sometimes used interchangeably with non-binary
And a few more gender-related terms:
cisgender - someone whose gender matches the sex they were assigned at birth; anyone who is not trans
AFAB - assigned female at birth
AMAB - assigned male at birth
transman - someone who was assigned female at birth but identifies as male; sometimes referred to as ftm (female-to-male)
transwoman - someone who was assigned male at birth but identifies as female; sometimes referred to as mtf (male-to-female)
trans masculine/trans masc - someone who was assigned female at birth but whose identity lies somewhere in the masculine end of the gender spectrum
trans feminine/trans femme - someone who was assigned male at birth but whose identity lies somewhere in the feminine end of the gender spectrum
gender dysphoria - physical discomfort and mental distress from having a body that does not conform to one's gender (note: not all trans people have gender dysphoria)
gender euphoria - the feeling of joy experienced by trans people when they 'pass' as their gender or feel comfortable in their gender expression
HRT - hormone replacement therapy; causes people assigned male at birth to go through a female puberty where they grow breasts, fat and muscle is redistributed, body hair growth is diminished, and the quality of the skin changes, among other things.
T - testosterone; causes people assigned female at birth to go through a male puberty where their voices drop, they grow more body and facial hair, fat and muscle is redistributed, and the clitoris grows
top surgery - removal of breast tissue in order to create a male-looking chest on a person assigned female at birth
bottom surgery - changing of the genitalia through plastic surgery; for people assigned male at birth, vaginoplasty; for people assigned female at birth, either phalloplasty or metoidioplasty
I hope this has been helpful. A note of caution: the purpose of these terms and labels is not for you to label others, but for everyone to label themselves as they see fit. It is nobody's place to tell anyone else what or who they are. We all have the right to self-identification.
If you're an author and you use some of the less common terms listed here in your stories, feel free to copy the definitions for your author or story notes, or link back to this blog entry, if you're worried that people won't understand them.
* I recognise that some people are uncomfortable with the reclaiming of the word queer, which has been used as a homophobic slur for a long time. We who use it in no way mean to cause offence. Its usage within the community has grown over time and is especially useful for people who belong to more than one sexual or gender minority; instead of saying that I am trans, non-binary and bisexual, I can simply say that I'm queer and be done with it.
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